Testicular cancer cannot be prevented, but the earlier it is detected, the more likely it is to treat it effectively. Self-examination may be the easiest way to detect the presence of this type of cancer.

Any change in appearance or structure, as well as the presence of a formation or a node, are symptoms that require medical advice.

If you have certain risk factors that increase your risk of developing testicular cancer (such as an unborn testicle, an earlier tumor of germ cells in a testis or a family history of cancer), you should consider monthly self-examinations and talk to your doctor.

There is no sure way to prevent testicular cancer, but you can reduce the risk by adopting a healthy lifestyle, performing monthly examinations and routine medical examinations and investigations.

Preventive measures

1. Do the exam after a warm shower or bath. The warmth relaxes the skin of the scrotum, making it easier to feel for anything unusual.
2. Use both hands to examine each testicle. Place your index and middle fingers underneath the testicle and your thumbs on top. Roll the testicle between your thumbs and fingers. (It’s normal for testicles to be different sizes.)
3. As you feel the testicle, you may notice a cord-like structure on top and in back of the testicle. This structure is called the epididymis. It stores and transports sperm.
4. Lumps can be pea-size or larger and are often painless. If you notice a lump, contact your doctor. Also check for any change in size, shape, or consistency of the testes.
5. You should also get a physical exam once a year.

After a while, you will know how your testicles feel and will be more alert to any changes.